“Use carriage service to menace” refers to a criminal offense in many jurisdictions including Australia, where a person uses telecommunication services such as emails, text messages, phone calls, or social media platforms to harass, intimidate, or cause offense to another person. It involves the use of guided or unguided electromagnetic energy to transmit the message, and it is considered a serious offense because it can cause significant emotional harm to the victim. This offense is also sometimes referred to as cyberbullying or online harassment.
In the context of Australian law, a carriage service is defined as any means of transmitting or receiving communication through guided or unguided electromagnetic energy. This includes services like telephone, internet, radio, television, and any other means of electronic communication.
In addition, electronic communication involves an express or implied threat of detrimental or unpleasant conduct that could coerce the other person to act involuntarily, it is considered “menacing”. The communication is considered “offensive” if a reasonable person would find it so.
When determining whether the communication is offensive, factors such as the accepted standards of morality, decency, and propriety by reasonable adults, the literary, artistic, or educational value of the material, and the general nature of the material, including whether it is medical, legal, or scientific in nature, should be taken into account.
Although the law does not provide a definition for “harass”, it has been interpreted as “to repeatedly disturb, bother, or pester” someone.
Section 474.17 of the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) contains the Commonwealth offense that involves the use of a carriage service to menace, harass or cause offense. This offense can be committed by any person and is defined if the following can be shown by the prosecution;
The maximum penalty for this criminal offence is imprisonment for 3 years. If charged with this offence, the legal defences available to you are;
– Duress
– Necessity, and
– Self-defence
If you are found guilty of an offence or plead guilty to this offence, you could potentially face full time custodial sentence. Your case will always start in the Local Court of NSW and it is important to speak to a criminal lawyer before making any decision.
Yes, in Australia, it is a criminal offense to use a carriage service, such as text messages, to menace, harass, or cause offense to another person. This offense is punishable by imprisonment, and the maximum penalty for a conviction is three years imprisonment.
The specific penalties for threatening someone over texts in Australia may vary depending on the circumstances of the case, the nature of the threat, and the jurisdiction in which the offense was committed.
If someone is receiving harassing texts in Australia, they can contact the police to report the matter. The police can investigate the complaint and take appropriate action to ensure the safety of the victim. The police may also obtain a court order, such as an Apprehended Violence Order (AVO) or Intervention Order, to protect the victim and prevent the offender from contacting them. These orders can impose restrictions on the offender’s behaviour, such as prohibiting them from contacting the victim or going near their home or workplace.
Additionally, the police may work with telecommunication service providers to identify the person and obtain evidence of the harassment, such as the content of the text messages and the sender’s phone number. This information can be used as evidence in court to support the charges against the person.
Harassing text messages can take many forms, but they typically involve repeated or unwanted communication that is intended to cause distress, fear, or discomfort to the recipient. Some examples of harassing text messages include:
If you’re facing an offence of using a carriage service to menace harass or offend, it’s important to understand your legal rights and speak to criminal defence lawyers immediately.
Mohammad Khan is the Principal Solicitor of Lyons Law Group. After graduating with a Bachelor of Aviation from the University of New South Wales, Mohammad took a keen interest in the law. He began training in criminal law under the tutelage of Australia’s leading criminal lawyer Adam Houda and studied law at the University of Sydney.
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